![]() ![]() However, some performers liked the percussive effect, and it has become part of the classic sound that modern imitators of the Hammond organ have tried to reproduce. Originally, key click was considered to be a design defect and Hammond worked to eliminate or at least reduce it by using equalization filters. Hammond organs have a distinctive percussive key click, which is the attack transient that occurs when all nine key contacts close, causing an audible pop or click. Hammond organs also have a harmonic percussion effect, in which the 2nd and 3rd harmonic tones can be added to the attack envelope of a note. ![]() The component waveforms can be mixed in varying ratios by using drawbars mounted above the two keyboards. The Hammond organ's individual waveforms were made by mechanical tonewheels which rotated beneath electromagnetic pickups. The original Hammond organ imitated the function of a pipe organ's ranks of pipes in multiple registers by using additive synthesis of waveforms from harmonic series to generate its sounds. While the Hammond organ was originally sold to churches as a lower-cost alternative to the pipe organ, it came to be used for jazz, blues, and then to a greater extent in rock music (in the 1960s and 1970s) and gospel music. The Hammond organ is an electromechanical organ that was designed and built by Laurens Hammond in 1934. To use keyboardless emulation devices, they need to be connected to a MIDI keyboard controller. Ĭlonewheel organs can be either electronic keyboard-based instruments such as the Korg CX-3 or the Roland VK-7 or keyboardless emulation devices, which include MIDI-compatible tone modules, such as the E-MU B-3 module and software-based " virtual synths" (such as the B4 by Native Instruments ). In the 1990s and 2000s, clonewheel organs began using digitally-sampled real Hammond sounds or digital signal processing emulation techniques, which were much better able to capture the nuances of the vintage Hammond sound. The first generation of clonewheel organs used synthesizer voices, which were not able to accurately reproduce the Hammond sound. The phrase "clonewheel" is a play on words in reference to how the original Hammond produces sound through " tonewheels". Clonewheel organs generate sounds using solid-state circuitry or computer chips, rather than with heavy mechanical tonewheels, making clonewheel organs much lighter-weight and smaller than vintage Hammonds, and easier to transport to live performances and recording sessions. The Hammond XB-2 recreates the sound of the vintage electromechanical Hammond organs in a much lighter, smaller keyboard that uses electronic circuits to reproduce the sound of the spinning tonewheels.Ī clonewheel organ is an electronic musical instrument that emulates (or " clones") the sound of the electromechanical tonewheel-based organs formerly manufactured by Hammond from the 1930s to the 1970s. ![]()
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